STATE AUTHORITY IN LAND CONTROL: CONSTITUTIONAL ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ARTICLE 33 PARAGRAPH 3 OF THE 1945 CONSTITUTION

Ahmad Valdo Rizky; Isnawati; Dina Paramitha Hefni Putri; Rezky Robiatul Aisyiah Ismail

doi:10.56301/awl.v8i1.1865

Ahmad Valdo Rizky University of August 17, 1945, Samarinda, Indonesia
Isnawati University of August 17,1945, Samarinda, Indonesia
Dina Paramitha Hefni Putri University of August 17,1945, Samarinda, Indonesia
Rezky Robiatul Aisyiah Ismail University of August 17, 1945, Samarinda

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56301/awl.v8i1.1865

Keywords: State Authority, Land Control, Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution

Abstract

This study seeks to explore comprehensively the application of Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution, which governs the state’s authority over land ownership, through philosophical, historical, and sociological lenses. Philosophically, the notion of state control over the earth, air, and natural resources underscores the role of the state as the supreme steward entrusted with managing these assets for the collective welfare of its citizens, rather than as a private proprietor. This principle reflects the ideals of social justice that were abolished in the values of Pancasila. Historically, the transformation from the colonial concept of domein verklaring to the UUPA system illustrates a shift in the paradigm of land management in order to affirm the nation's rights to natural resources. Sociologically, the state is present as a regulator to guarantee fair land distribution and the protection of community rights, including customary rights, amidst the dynamics of economic growth and urbanization. The constitutional mandate contained in Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution affirms that every land governance policy should prioritize the prosperity of the people by ensuring harmony between private rights and collective interests, while simultaneously preventing the concentration of ownership and potential land-related disputes.

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