LEGAL CERTAINTY AS A FOUNDATIONAL PRINCIPLE OF PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTABILITY FOR MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGISTS IN CASES OF ETHICAL CODE VIOLATIONS

Dahlan Sitohang; Ariy Khaerudin; Aziz Zaelani

doi:10.56301/awl.v8i3.2098

Dahlan Sitohang Faculty of Law, Batik Islamic University, Surakarta, Indonesia
Ariy Khaerudin Faculty of Law, Batik Islamic University, Surakarta, Indonesia
Aziz Zaelani Faculty of Law, Batik Islamic University, Surakarta, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.56301/awl.v8i3.2098

Keywords: Medical Laboratory Technologists, Professional Code of Ethics, Legal Certainty, Legal Accountability

Abstract

The development of healthcare services necessitates enhanced professionalism and legal accountability among health professionals, including Medical Laboratory Technologists (MLTs), who play a strategic role in supporting diagnostic accuracy and ensuring patient safety. Violations of the professional code of ethics by MLTs may give rise to legal consequences that affect patients, healthcare institutions, and public trust. This study aims to analyze the legal framework governing the responsibilities of Medical Laboratory Technologists, the forms and mechanisms of legal accountability arising from violations of the professional code of ethics, and the mechanisms for resolving such violations in order to achieve legal certainty. This research employs a normative legal research method with statutory and case-based approaches. The data were obtained through a literature review of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, which were analyzed qualitatively using deductive reasoning. The findings indicate that the responsibilities of Medical Laboratory Technologists have been comprehensively regulated under statutory provisions and professional codes of ethics, emphasizing compliance with professional standards, standard operating procedures, and patient safety principles. The legal accountability of MLTs is multidimensional, encompassing administrative, civil, and criminal aspects, applied proportionally based on the nature of the violation and its resulting consequences. The mechanism for resolving violations of the professional code of ethics is conducted in a tiered manner through professional organizations and disciplinary boards, as well as through litigation and non-litigation processes, thereby ensuring legal certainty and balanced protection for both patients and healthcare professionals.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Afriko, J. (2016). Hukum Kesehatan (Teori dan Aplikasinya). Bogor: In Media.

Agnes, M. S. (2021). Analisis Kebutuhan Tenaga Ahli Teknologi Laboratorium Medik Berdasarkan Beban Kerja di Laboratorium Kesehatan Kota Semarang (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang).

Aulia, K. N., Lestari, A., Latief, L. M., & Fajarwati, N. K. (2024). Kepastian Hukum Dan Keadilan Hukum Dalam Pandangan Ilmu Komunikasi. Journal Sains Student Research, 2(1), 713–724.

Az Zahra, D. A. (2024). Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Terhadap Selebgram Yang Mempromosikan Barang Melalui Platform Instagram (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang).

Bal, B. S. (2009). An introduction to medical malpractice in the United States. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, 467(2), 339–347.

Brauer, M., Kroll, D. S., & Teles, D. (2015). Medical Malpractice Law in Europe. European Journal of Health Law, 22(3), 237–254. https://doi.org/10.1163/15718093-12341374

Eria, R. C., & Ravena, D. (2025). Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Pidana terhadap Tenaga Medis dan Tenaga Kesehatan yang Melakukan Tindak Pidana Kesehatan Dikaitkan dengan Pemenuhan Hak Pasien. Bandung Conference Series: Law Studies, 5(1), 1–8.

Fahrul, M. (2025). Hubungan Antara Kelalaian Dan Risiko Medik Dalam Perspektif Pertanggung Jawaban Hukum (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang).

Gegen, G., & Santoso, A. P. A. (2021). Perlindungan hukum tenaga kesehatan di masa pandemi Covid-19. Qistie, 14(2), 25–38.

Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 370/Menkes/SK/III/2007 tentang Standar Profesi Ahli Teknologi Laboratorium Kesehatan.

Keputusan Musyawarah Nasional IX Persatuan Ahli Teknologi Laboratorium Medik Indonesia (PATELKI) Nomor 09/PATELKI/MUNAS IX/06/2021 tentang Kode Etik Ahli Teknologi Laboratorium Medik, ditetapkan pada Musyawarah Nasional IX PATELKI.

Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata.

Muhammad, A. (2004). Hukum dan penelitian hukum. Bandung: Citra aditya bakti.

Neltje, J., & Panjiyoga, I. (2023). Nilai-Nilai Yang Tercakup Di Dalam Asas Kepastian Hukum. Innovative: Journal of Social Science Research, 3(5), 2034–2039.

Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 42 Tahun 2015 tentang Organisasi Profesi Tenaga Laboratorium Medik.

Persatuan Ahli Teknologi Laboratorium Medik Indonesia (2021). Keputusan Musyawarah Nasional (MUNAS) IX Persatuan Ahli Teknologi Laboratorium Medik Indonesia Nomor 09/PATELKI/MUNAS IX/06/2021 tentang Kode Etik dan Kewajiban Ahli Teknologi Laboratorium Medik, Jakarta.

Peter Marzuki Mahmud. (2014). Penelitian Hukum. Prenada Media Grub.

Putri, S. B. S. R. W. (2024). Analisis Teori Tujuan Hukum Gustav Radbruch dalam Kedudukan Majelis Penyelesaian Perselisihan Medis dalam Undang-undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan. Sangaji: Jurnal Pemikiran Syariah Dan Hukum, 8(2), 315–326.

Qolbi, R. S. U. (2024). Pengaruh Hukum Normatif dalam Peningkatan Mutu Pelayanan dan Perlindungan Hukum Tenaga ATLM. Jurnal Hukum Legalita, 6(1), 40-49.

Sloan, F. A., & C. L. M. (2011). Medical Malpractice. Annual Review of Law and Social Science, 7, 135–154.

Soge, A. D. (2023). Analisis Penanganan Kesalahan Profesi Medis dan Kesehatan Dalam UU Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kesehatan Menurut Perspektif Hukum Kesehatan. Jurnal Hukum Caraka Justitia, 3(2), 146–164.

Studdert, D. M., M. M. M., & B. T. A. (2004). Medical Malpractice. Medical Malpractice. New England Journal of Medicine, 350(3), 283–292.

Supraba, P. A. A., Parsa, I. W., & Manuaba, I. B. G. F. (2025). Pertanggungjawaban Hukum terhadap Tenaga Medis dan Tenaga Kesehatan atas Pelanggaran Kode Etik menurut Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Sosial, 11(1), 126–131.

Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia 1945.

Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana.

Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan.

World Health Organization. (2023). Global competency framework for regulators of medicines. World Health Organization.

Widjaja, G., Sijabat, H. H., & Dhanudibroto, H. (2025). PERAN DAN KEWAJIBAN TENAGA KESEHATAN DALAM MENJAGA RAHASIA MEDIS: STUDI LITERATUR. ZAHRA: JOURNAL OF HEALTH AND MEDICAL RESEARCH, 5(2), 23-33.

Wiradharma, D. (2014). Tindakan Medis Aspek Etis dan Yuridis. Penerbit Universitas Trisakti.

Wiraguna, S. A. (2024). Metode normatif dan empiris dalam penelitian hukum: Studi eksploratif di Indonesia. Public Sphere: Jurnal Sosial Politik, Pemerintahan Dan Hukum, 3(3).

Yulihartono, P. H., Simandjutak, M. E., & Asmara, G. Y. P. (2025). Penyelesaian Kasus Kelalaian Medis yang Dilakukan Dokter Penanggungjawab Pelayanan (DPJP) Atas Pelimpahan Kewenangan di Rumah Sakit (Studi Kasus di Rumah Sakit Bhayangkara Nganjuk). Soepra Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan, 11(1), 101–109.