Collegium Studiosum Journal

PERTANGGUNG JAWABAN PIDANA SEBAGAI DAMPAK PENUNTUTAN TERHADAP KORPORASI AKIBAT PAILIT

Evy Febryani, Dian Puspa Iwari, Serlika Aprita — Wed, 19 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

In practice, it is very difficult to determine whether there is or is not a fault in a corporation. It turns out that in developments, especially regarding corporate criminal liability, it is known that there is a new view or let's say a slightly different view, that specifically the responsibility of legal entities, the principle of fault does not absolutely apply, so that criminal liability is refers to the doctrine of strict liability (absolute responsibility) and vicarious liability (responsibility imposed on another person) which in principle is a deviation from the principle of fault. This research was created and compiled using a narrative descriptive research method. This research typology is descriptive-narrative, emphasizing the use of secondary data obtained through literature study. In Article 59 of the Criminal Code, corporate criminal liability is borne by its management. Therefore, the subject of corporate criminal law is attached to the actions of the management themselves. The meaning of the claim in this case must be interpreted as a civil prosecution because the corporation loses the right to manage its assets which are entered into bankruptcy. Apart from that, if all of the corporation's assets are entered into bankruptcy, this will have an impact on the liquidation process. As stated in Article 71 POJK Number 28/POJK.05/2014, as well as Article 142 UUPT, it is possible for the liquidation process or the cause of liquidation to occur because of the bankruptcy decision.

TRANSAKSI CRYPTOCURRENCY DITINJAU DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM POSITIF DAN HUKUM ISLAM

Sagita Auranti, Hisyam Asyiqin — Wed, 19 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The Globalization system has had a huge impact on modern society, especially in the fields of science, technology, information and communication, all of which are developing rapidly. The most famous currency is Bitcoin or cryptocurrency. Because there are now no clear boundaries and no recognition of the existence of cryptocurrencies in Indonesia, these cryptocurrencies are facing a number of polemics regarding their use throughout the world, including in that country. The debate over whether Bitcoin is halal or haram in Islam continues among scholars who study the Koran, hadith, ijma and other Islamic books. One important area of expertise in the world of information security is cryptography. Today, professionals in the fields of computer science and mathematics discovered a new application of encryption that could improve the quality of life of local communities: the buying and selling of digital currencies known as cryptocurrencies. Digital currencies that are not subject to government regulation are known as cryptocurrencies; this does not include official cash. This cryptocurrency is the forerunner to the creation of digital currency which is now known as Bitcoin currency, which can be used like other types of money. And the result of the discussion is that whether scholars allow cryptocurrency or not. This research uses a qualitative method where this method focuses on in-depth observation. Therefore, the use of qualitative methods in this research can produce a study of a phenomenon that is more comprehensive with literature research. Based on the background information provided previously, the author identifies problems that require further investigation. Among other things, what is the meaning of cryptocurrency in the current understanding and context and what is Islamic law regarding the use of cryptocurrency as a transaction tool.

TINJAUAN HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP JUAL BELI BARANG MYSTERI BOX DI MARKET PLACE SHOPEE

Indra Nugraha Pasha, Hisyam Asyiqin — Wed, 19 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The mystery box business involves buying and selling online. The items sold in mystery box products vary. In general, this purchase implies a surprising thought, so that the buyer in particular is not aware of the contents of the mystery box, but can only determine the type of product. Shopee is a platform that sells mystery box products and is currently popular among the public. Different from ordinary buying and selling, this buying and selling arouses the interest of buyers because this business is considered truly unique and profitable, but many buyers still regret it and feel they have been disadvantaged. This is because the seller does not declare the goods inside and therefore the goods received cannot be returned. In this research, the problem formulation is how the concept and practice of mystery box buying and selling transactions sold on Shopee and how mystery box buying and selling transactions on Shopee are reviewed from Islamic law. The author uses descriptive analysis research methods with actions based on quality. Data was collected through literature study. The research results show that the law of buying and selling mystery boxes is haram, because the buying and selling of mystery boxes on Shopee is effectively canceled based on the terms of the Ba'i Salam Agreement because one of the Ba'i Salam conditions, namely the privileges and types of goods, are not met. And such transactions are also included in buying and selling gharar.

PENYALAHGUNAAN DANA KARTU INDONESIA PINTAR KULIAH DAN DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PENDIDIKAN DI INDONESIA

Wed, 19 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The Indonesian Smart College Card (KIP) scholarship program is a refinement of the Poor Student Assistance (BSM) program which is a scholarship provided by the government to help underprivileged prospective students continue their education. In line with Indonesia's national goal to make the nation's life smarter. The government provides financial assistance in the form of education costs to recipients so that they are used as effectively and efficiently as possible as a form of implementation of the government's 12-year compulsory education program. This research aims to find out the impact and influence of misuse in the implementation of the Smart Indonesia Card (KIP) program. The results of this research state that the use of scholarship funds has been utilized properly, but there are still many perpetrators of violations in the misuse of KIP-K funds which are not in accordance with educational objectives. Environmental influences use funds to fulfill a hedonistic lifestyle, wrongly targeted recipients and obstacles in fulfilling complex requirements and applications.

PEMIDANAAN TERHADAP PELAKU PENYEBARAN KONTEN PORNOGRAFI MELALUI INTERNET PERSPEKTIF TEORI KEADILAN BERMARTABAT

Wed, 19 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Pengembangan teknologi informasi menuntut regulasi yang lebih cermat dalam memastikan penggunaannya sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip hukum yang berlaku. Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik beserta perubahannya (UU ITE) menjadi landasan hukum utama di Indonesia dalam mengatur kegiatan di dunia maya. Namun, penyebaran konten pornografi yang semakin merajalela menantang sistem hukum pidana Indonesia, terutama dalam menghadapi perkembangan teknologi informasi. Artikel ini membahas penerapan hukum pidana terhadap penyebaran konten pornografi melalui internet dari perspektif teori hukum keadilan bermartabat. Teori ini menawarkan pendekatan yang menyeimbangkan kepentingan hukum dengan kepentingan kemanusiaan, sesuai dengan nilai-nilai Pancasila. Penerapan hukum juga sebaiknya dengan melakukan rehabilitasi dan pencegahan, bukan hanya penghukuman, untuk memastikan kesadaran individy akan dampak negative dari perbuatannya.

EFEKTIVITAS PEMUNGUTAN PAJAK PARKIR DI KOTA SAMARINDA: TINJAUAN DARI PERSPEKTIF HUKUM DAN KEBIJAKAN

Fawwaz Fawwaz Praditya, Rehagel Israel, Deny Slamet — Wed, 19 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Parking tax is a significant source of Local Revenue (PAD) in Samarinda City, but its implementation faces various challenges. The regulations governing parking tax aim to provide a clear legal framework, yet taxpayer compliance remains low. Weak supervision, limited technology, and low public awareness are the main factors hindering tax collection effectiveness. The use of digital technology in the parking system can enhance taxpayer compliance and reduce revenue leakage. Improving human resource capacity and conducting educational campaigns to raise public awareness are also important. Implementing policies that provide incentives for compliance and strict sanctions for violations is expected to optimize parking tax revenue and improve public services and city infrastructure.

IMPLEMENTASI BIMBINGAN KEAGAMAAN BAGI NARAPIDANA BERAGAMA ALIRAN KEPERCAYAAN TRIDHARMA

Johanes Gabe Saputra Manulang, Bagio Kadaryanto, Irawan Harahap — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The observance of religious practices for inmates adhering to the Tridharma faith in Bagansiapiapi City based on Law No. 6 of 2013 has not been properly implemented, as the facilities for religious practices of other faiths are not equal to those already existing. The purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of religious guidance for inmates adhering to the Tridharma faith in Bagansiapiapi City based on Government Regulation Number 32 of 1999 on terms and procedures for the implementation of the rights of correctional inmates, and to analyze the obstacles and efforts to overcome these obstacles in the implementation of religious guidance for inmates adhering to the Tridharma faith in Bagansiapiapi City. The method used is sociological legal research. Based on the research results, it is known that the implementation of religious guidance for inmates adhering to the Tridharma faith in Bagansiapiapi City has not been fully realized, as some inmates have not fully received the necessary religious guidance. This results in some inmates not receiving the spiritual support they need. Government Regulation Number 32 of 1999 on terms and procedures for the implementation of the rights of correctional inmates emphasizes the importance of fulfilling the rights of inmates, including the right to receive religious guidance.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KONSUMEN DALAM PERJANJIAN BERLANGGANAN LAYANAN INTERNET

Dina Rahmayani, Syuryani — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Internet has become a fundamental necessity for modern society today. Shopping, sending emails, listening to music, and advertising products can all be done through the internet. To facilitate telecommunications, there is a need for a managing body that provides internet services, one of which is carried out by PT. A, which operates in the field of telecommunications service connections. One of the products offered by PT. A is the internet. more people subscribe, there are also increasing issues related to internet services. These range from technical to non-technical service problems that result in losses for customers. Method used in this research is a conceptual approach, which provides an analytical perspective on legal problem-solving seen from the aspect of legal concepts underlying it and based on internet,con information from internet service users. Based on the results of this research, sumer regarding the implementation of agreements, as well as the rights and protection,a obligations between the company and the customers have the clause agreements made by the company. It's just a matter of been stipulated in greements. understanding for both customers and the company to fulfill and implement rights and obligations so as not to cause breach of contract.

MEDIASI DALAM PERKARA PERCERAIAN OLEH HAKIM PENGADILAN AGAMA

Alda Christa Ivanda, Martika Dini Syaputri — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Marriage includes 2 (two) individuals, namely a man and a woman who have the aim of forming a happy family. Every individual in building a family has rights and obligations that must be implemented and obtained. If one of these obligations is ignored, it can hinder the achievement of the goals of the marriage itself. Divorce is a process of ending a marital relationship. Before a divorce agreement is reached, mediation will be carried out between the two parties with the aim of reconciling the two parties so that there is no need for a divorce. The method used in conducting research is qualitative using a descriptive approach. This approach refers to a systematic and accurate depiction of facts and characteristics of research objects and subjects. Mediation in resolving civil disputes, especially in the context of divorce in the Religious Courts, has been carried out in accordance with applicable regulations. Factors inhibiting the success of mediation in resolving civil cases, especially divorce in the Religious Courts, include strong differences of opinion regarding divorce, prolonged conflict, lack of good intentions to reconcile, and the influence of mental or emotional factors.

PERKAWINAN BEDA AGAMA DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG PERKAWINAN

Theresia Yacintha Angela — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Marriage is the right of all people in Indonesia. Humans are social creatures who always interact with other humans regardless of ethnicity, race or religion. This interaction makes each other feel caring and have the desire to live together. It's just that we as humans cannot choose who we feel and see the religion of each society. Interfaith marriages are still a problem because in Law no. 1 of 1974 concerning marriage, especially Article 2 paragraph (1), states that marriage is valid if it is carried out in accordance with each person's religion and beliefs. However, there is no article explicitly discussing interfaith marriages, so people feel there is a legal vacuum. The purpose of this article is to find out whether Law no. 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage causes violations of Human Rights. The methodology used in this research is Normative Juridical to update legal products in order to obtain legal certainty, the analysis approach is carried out descriptively. Marriage and Human Rights are two things that cannot be separated because creating a family and living together are human rights and are inherent from birth into the world. If marriage regulations violate human rights, then the regulations regarding marriage must be changed and adapted to human rights so that society does not experience a legal vacuum and its human rights can be fulfilled.

KEPASTIAN HUKUM AKTA NOTARIS PENGGANTI: TINJAUAN ATAS LEGALITAS DAN KEABSAHAN

Ricardo Goncalves Klau, Muhammad Saiful Fahmi, Andi Ervin Novara Jaya — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Notaris adalah pejabat yang diangkat oleh Negara dan diberikan kewenangan untuk membuat akta otentik. Dalam Pasal 1 angka 3 Undang-Undang Nomor 2 Tahun 2014 tentang perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 Tentang Jabatan Notaris disebutkan bahwa, “Notaris pengganti adalah seorang yang untuk sementara diangkat sebagai Notaris untuk menggantikan Notaris yang sedang cuti, sakit, atau untuk sementara berhalangan menjalankan jabatannya sebagai Notaris. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana tanggungjawab hukum dan kepastian hukum akta yang sudah dibuat dan ditandatangani oleh Notaris Pengganti. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif yaitu dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan. Hasilnya Notaris yang menjalankan cuti wajib menyerahkan Protokol Notaris kepada Notaris Pengganti. Konsep Notaris Pengganti berdasarkan Pasal 1 angka 3 Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris (Pengganti No. 2 Tahun 2014) adalah seorang yang untuk sementara diangkat sebagai Notaris untuk menggantikan Notaris yang sedang cuti, sakit, atau untuk sementara berhalangan menjalankan jabatan sebagai Notaris.

PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP TRANSAKSI DALAM SOCIAL-COMMERCE DI INDONESIA

Hanifah Noor Asufie, Lena Hanifah — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The purpose of this research is to analyze consumer protection against transactions that occur on social-commerce platforms in Indonesia, which are reviewed from the legal relationship between business actors, consumers, and social-commerce platforms (TikTok Shop and Instagram Shopping) and to analyze electronic transactions on social-commerce electronic systems. whether it has fulfilled the principles of consumer safety and security. The type of research used by the author is a normative legal research type. The approach in this research uses the Statute Approach and a Conceptual Approach. The results of the research obtained that the legal relationship that exists on TikTok Shop is TikTok Shop as a third party that bridges the buying and selling transactions carried out by business actors and consumers. Meanwhile, in Instagram Shopping, the legal relationship that exists is between business actors and consumers, the role of Instagram Shopping is only as a page for business actors and consumers to meet. TikTok Shop and Instagram Shopping have several weaknesses in protecting consumer safety and security in carrying out transaction activities in their applications.

EKSISTENSI CALON NOTARIS DALAM MELAKSANAKAN MAGANG MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG JABATAN NOTARIS

Muhammad Dimas Giovandre Diputra, Rahmida Erliyani — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Penelitian ini membahas eksistensi calon Notaris dalam melaksanakan magang menurut Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis keterlibatan calon Notaris yang diperkenankan dalam pembuatan akta serta untuk menganalisis tanggung jawab seorang calon Notaris ketika melaksanakan magang di kantor Notaris penerima magang. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif yaitu penelitian dengan menginventarisasi dan mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan. Hasil Penelitian Pertama : Keterlibatan calon Notaris magang dalam proses pembuatan akta Notaris diatur dalam Pasal 10 ayat (1) huruf d Peraturan Menteri Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Nomor 25 Tahun 2017 tentang Ujian Pengangkatan Notaris, yang menyatakan bahwa calon Notaris yang menjalani program magang di kantor Notaris telah berpartisipasi dan dicantumkan namanya paling sedikit pada 20 (dua puluh) akta. Lebih lanjut diatur dalam Petunjuk Teknis Magang Bagi Anggota Luar Biasa Ikatan Notaris Indonesia (ALB INI), bahwa Notaris Penerima Magang wajib memberi kesempatan kepada Peserta Magang untuk ikut berpartisipasi dalam proses pembuatan akta selama mengikuti kegiatan Magang di kantornya, baik sebagai saksi atau sebagai Notaris Pengganti (jika memungkinkan). Kedua : Tanggung jawab calon Notaris terkait menjaga kerahasiaan akta sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 16A ayat (2) Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris, harus berpedoman kepada Pasal 6 Peraturan Perkumpulan Nomor: 19/PERKUM/INI/2019 tentang Magang, yang mengatur lebih jelas mengenai persyaratan peserta magang yang diwajibkan untuk menaati peraturan perundang-undangan tentang Jabatan Notaris, antara lain namun tidak terbatas pada kewajiban untuk merahasiakan isi akta dan keterangan serta dokumen lainnya yang terkait dengan pembuatan akta.

PENGESAHAN PERJANJIAN PERKAWINAN PASCA PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH KONSTITUSI

Berlianny Amalia, Rahmida Erliyani — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Constitutional Court Decision No. 69/PUU-XIII/2015 provides new legal politics, namely that a marriage agreement can be made after marriage. The verdict gives certainty and responsibility to marriage registration officers or notaries to ratify collective agreements, namely marriage agreements after the marriage is held. This research examines the regulation of the ratification of marriage agreements after the issuance of Constitutional Court Decision No. 69/PUU-XIII/2015; as well as the implications of Constitutional Court Decision No. 69/PUU-XIII/2015 on the authority of notaries in the ratification of marriage agreements. The type of research used is normative, with a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. Prior to Constitutional Court Decision No. 69/PUU-XXI/2015, marital agreements were regulated in Law No. 1 Year 1974, where marital agreements could only be made before the marriage took place. After the birth of Constitutional Court Decision No. 69/PUU-XII/2015, a marriage agreement can not only be made before marriage but can also be made after marriage. The ratification of the marriage agreement can not only be done by the marriage registration officer, but also by a notary. So that with the Constitutional Court Decision No. 69/PUU-XII/2015, it adds to the authority of notaries to ratify marriage agreements. The ratification of a marriage agreement by a notary is carried out by pouring the contents of the agreement between husband and wife into an authentic deed. Then the parties are obliged to register it at the local Civil Registry Office to obtain a marriage contract.

IMPLEMENTASI TANGGUNG JAWAB PEMERINTAH TERHADAP PEMELIHARAAN JALAN DI KABUPATEN BENGKALIS

Awi Ruben, Eddy Asnawi, Silm Oktapani — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Strategic district roads are roads that are prioritized to serve the interests of the district based on considerations to stimulate economic growth, welfare and security of the district, while city roads are roads located within the autonomous city area as referred to in the law on regional government. see the explanation of Article 9 (4) of Law Number 38 of 2004 concerning Roads. The purpose of this study is to analyze the implementation of government responsibility for road maintenance in Bengkalis Regency based on Law Number 38 of 2004 concerning Roads, to find obstacles and efforts to overcome obstacles in the implementation of government responsibility for road maintenance in Bengkalis Regency based on Law Number 38 of 2004 concerning Roads. The method used is sociological legal research. Based on the research results, it is known that the Implementation of Government Responsibility for Road Maintenance in Bengkalis Regency Based on Law Number 38 of 2004 concerning Roads has not run as it should, because in Bengkalis Regency there are still several damaged roads, this is certainly contrary to Law Number 38 of 2004 concerning Roads, which is a crucial aspect in ensuring connectivity and transportation security for the community.

AKIBAT HUKUM KETIDAK HADIRAN PRINSIPAL DALAM PROSES PERSIDANGAN GUGATAN SEDERHANA

Norlaili Aini — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Tujuan penelitian ini yang berjudul Akibat Hukum Ketidak Hadiran Prinsipal Dalam Proses Persidangan Gugatan Sederhana. Adapun jenis penelitian yang penulis gunakan adalah jenis penelitian hukum normatif. Pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Undang-Undang (Statue Approach) dan Pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach).

Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah Pertama Akibat hukum yang di timbulkan di karenakan ketidak hadiran prinsipal pada sidang gugatan sedarhana yaitu Apabila penggugat tidak hadir pada hari sidang pertama tanpa alasan yang sah, maka gugatan dinyatakan gugur, Dalam hal tergugat tidak hadir pada hari sidang pertama, maka dilakukan pemanggilan kedua secara patut, Dalam hal tergugat tidak hadir pada hari sidang kedua setelah dipanggil secara patut maka Hakim memutus perkara secara verstek,terhadap putusan tergugat dapat mengajukan perlawanan (verzet) dalam tenggang waku 7 (tujuh) hari setelah pemberitahuan putusan, Dalam hal tergugat hadir pada sidang pertama dan pada hari sidang berikutnya tidak hadir tanpa alasan yang sah, maka gugatan diperiksa dan diputus secara contradiktoir, akibat hukum tersebut erat kaitanya dengan angka waktu penyelesaian gugatan sederhana yang singkat maksimal paling lama 25 (dua puluh lima) hari kerja sejak hari sidang pertama.

Kedua Kedudukan kuasa hukum yang mewakili prinsipal di peridangan dalam gugatan biasa, berbeda dengan pengaturan tata cara penyelesaian gugatan sederhana/ small claim court, dalam gugatan sederhana/ small claim court ketentuan Pasal 4 ayat (4) Perma Gugatan Sederhana 2019 membatasi hak tersebut. Para Pihak wajib untuk hadir secara langsung di sidang baik dengan atau tanpa didampingi oleh kuasa hukumnya. Sehingga jika pihak (prinsipal) sudah menunjuk kuasa hukum untuk menangani perkara gugatan sederhana/ small claim court prinsipal harus tetap hadir di setiap persidangan. Kedudukan kuasa hukum dipersidangan tidak “mewakili” prinsipal tetapi hanya “mendampingi” prinsipal di persidangan. gugatan sederhana merupakan pelaksaan asas peradilan yang sederhana, cepat, dan biaya ringan yang diatur dalam Pasal 2 ayat (4) Undang-Undang Nomor 48 Tahun 2009 tentang Kekuasaan Kehakiman yang mengatakan bahwa “peradilan dilakukan dengan sederhana, cepat, dan biaya ringan”. Pelaksanaan asas sederhana, cepat, dan biaya ringan dalam gugatan sederhana terdapat pada sederhananya pembuktian, kemudian cepat merujuk pada waktu jalannya peradilan yang mana penyelesaian menggunakan gugatan sederhana memakan waktu yang lebih sedikit karena proses pembuktiannya yang sederhana, sehingga penyelesaian perkaranya tidak berbelit-belit dan memakan waktu lama, selain itu juga telah ditentukan bahwa waktu penyelesaian perkara dengan gugatan sederhana. adalah 25 hari lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan peradilan dengan cara biasa yaitu 5 bulan, dengan sederhananya dan cepatnya penyelesaian perkara maka biaya yang dikeluarkan tidak banyak.

KEWENANGAN BADAN PENGAWAS PEMILU TERHADAP PENYELENGGARAAN PEMILIHAN UMUM

Handika Pelu, Nasri Wijaya — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The institutional capacity of Bawaslu as a dispute resolver, starting from the personal commissioner of Bawaslu who has a strong vision regarding the design of dispute resolution as well as the carrying capacity of an organization that is capable of operationalizing its authority. Bawaslu itself has been strengthened by the existing electoral legal system, of course there are still various evaluations in strengthening the Bawaslu institution in order to achieve general elections that are not only democratic but also have integrity. This research aims to determine the Authority of the Election Supervisory Body Based on Legislative Mechanisms. In line with the problems to be researched, this research includes normative legal research using a Normative Juridical approach which takes primary data by conducting a literature review and secondary data by processing it from legal materials. primary, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. Bawaslu's authority in accordance with law number 7 of 2017 concerning general elections is weak, the existence of Bawaslu in previous elections seems to have been limited to "complementary" because the authority given to this institution was inadequate in contributing to upholding election justice.

PERAN KONSTITUSI DALAM MELINDUNGI HAK ASASI MANUSIA TERHADAP PENERAPAN UNDANG-UNDANG ITE DI ERA DEMOKRASI

Jasmadi, Mohd. Yamin, Febriansyah, Silm Oktapani — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Konstitusi memiliki peran krusial dalam melindungi hak asasi manusia (HAM) dalam penerapan Undang-Undang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE) di era demokrasi. Konstitusi biasanya menjamin hak-hak dasar seperti kebebasan berpendapat, hak privasi, dan hak atas informasi. Dalam konteks UU ITE, konstitusi memastikan bahwa penerapan undang-undang tersebut tidak melanggar hak-hak ini.Misalnya, jika UU ITE digunakan untuk membatasi kebebasan berekspresi secara berlebihan, konstitusi harus melindungi hak individu dari tindakan tersebut. Konstitusi menjamin prinsip legalitas (nullum crimen, nulla poena sine lege) yang mengharuskan adanya peraturan yang jelas dan tegas sebelum seseorang dapat dikenai sanksi. UU ITE harus disusun dan diterapkan sesuai dengan prinsip ini. Kepastian hukum juga harus diberikan agar hak-hak individu tidak dilanggar secara sewenang-wenang. Konstitusi mengatur mekanisme pengawasan, baik melalui lembaga peradilan maupun komisi hak asasi manusia, untuk memastikan bahwa penerapan UU ITE sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip konstitusi. Masyarakat memiliki hak untuk menuntut perlindungan konstitusional melalui jalur hukum jika mereka merasa hak-haknya terlanggar akibat penerapan UU ITE. Konstitusi biasanya mensyaratkan bahwa setiap pembatasan terhadap hak asasi manusia harus bersifat proporsional dan tidak melebihi apa yang diperlukan untuk mencapai tujuan yang sah. UU ITE harus diterapkan dengan cara yang tidak melanggar prinsip proporsionalitas, yaitu tidak membatasi hak asasi manusia lebih dari yang diperlukan untuk melindungi kepentingan umum. Dalam era demokrasi, keseimbangan antara keamanan, ketertiban, dan hak asasi manusia adalah penting. Konstitusi berperan sebagai panduan dan pengawas untuk memastikan bahwa undang-undang seperti UU ITE diterapkan secara adil dan sesuai dengan prinsip-prinsip dasar HAM. Adapun tujuan yang hendak dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk Peran Konstitusi Dalam Melindungi Hak Asasi Manusia Terhadap Penerapan Undang-Undang ITE Di Era Demokrasi. Metode yang dipergunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa Peran Konstitusi Dalam Melindungi Hak Asasi Manusia Terhadap Penerapan Undang-Undang ITE Di Era Demokrasi bahwa konstitusi memainkan peran vital dalam melindungi hak asasi manusia dalam penerapan UU ITE di era demokrasi. Jaminan konstitusi terhadap hak-hak dasar seperti kebebasan berekspresi, hak atas privasi, dan hak atas informasi harus dijaga agar tidak terlanggar oleh penerapan undang-undang tersebut. UU ITE harus memenuhi prinsip legalitas dan kepastian hukum yang dijamin konstitusi. Setiap tindakan hukum yang diambil berdasarkan UU ITE harus jelas dan dapat diprediksi agar tidak terjadi penyalahgunaan dan pelanggaran terhadap hak individu. Konstitusi menyediakan mekanisme untuk pengawasan dan penegakan hak asasi manusia, termasuk melalui lembaga peradilan dan komisi hak asasi manusia. Mekanisme ini penting untuk memastikan bahwa UU ITE diterapkan sesuai dengan prinsip konstitusi. Pembatasan terhadap hak asasi manusia yang diatur dalam UU ITE harus proporsional dan tidak melebihi apa yang diperlukan untuk mencapai tujuan yang sah. Hal ini penting untuk memastikan bahwa hak-hak dasar tidak terabaikan demi kepentingan keamanan atau ketertiban.

ASAS PERADILAN SEDERHANA, CEPAT, DAN BIAYA RINGAN DALAM KETENTUAN PERSIDANGAN HYBRID PERKARA PERDATA

Zulfadin Syarif — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

The aim of this research is entitled Principles of Simple, Fast and Low Cost Justice in Hybrid Trial Provisions for Civil Cases. The type of research that the author uses is normative legal research. The approach in this research uses a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The research results obtained are: Firstly, in general hybrid trials are a modernization of trial procedures by utilizing digital technology, but for certain evidentiary stages it still refers to the conventional trial arrangements that apply, this raises the question of why comprehensive arrangements are not carried out, it is very important to ensure that hybrid trials are held in accordance with the principles of simple, fast and low-cost justice. Failure to do so could result in serious legal consequences and reduce public confidence in the justice system. Second, in relation to the position of statutory regulations that are recognized for their existence and have binding legal force but are outside the hierarchy, this will of course affect the smooth running of the justice system and will affect the efficiency, effectiveness and productivity of the judiciary itself. So, to ensure this, there needs to be clarity regarding the position of the Supreme Court Regulations in the hierarchy to avoid overlapping between legal regulations whose types are recognized in the law. Clarity regarding this position also influences regulatory products that will be issued between institutions or bodies that have the same authority in making laws and regulations, so that legal certainty is realized in the context of accommodating so many types of positive regulations and their regulations.

PENERAPAN SANKSI PIDANA KETENAGAKERJAAN TERHADAP PELAKU USAHA YANG TIDAK MEMBAYAR UPAH KARYAWAN SESUAI HUKUM KETENAGAKERJAAN

Yana Sukma Permana — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Wages are the rights of workers or employees that are received and expressed in the form of money as compensation from entrepreneurs or employers to workers which are determined and paid according to work agreements or statutory regulations. There are criminal sanctions against companies that pay minimum wages. and minimum enforcement of criminal sanctions against companies that pay workers' wages below the minimum wage, enforcement of criminal labor sanctions against business actors who do not pay their workers' wages in accordance with labor law. Wages are a fundamental element in the employment relationship between workers and employers. In the context of labor law in Indonesia, employers are obliged to pay workers' wages in accordance with the provisions set by the government. This obligation is regulated in Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Employment and strengthened through Law Number 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation. Enforcement of criminal law sanctions in employment cases related to employee wages faces various complex obstacles. Even though there are strict legal instruments, as regulated in Law no. 11 of 2020 concerning Job Creation, the application of criminal sanctions for companies that violate minimum wage provisions is still rare. These obstacles are not only caused by legal factors themselves, but also by other factors such as weak law enforcement, limited facilities and infrastructure, as well as the influence of culture and community structure. Overall, law enforcement is an effort to realize the values of justice and legal certainty.

PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP NASABAH PINJAMAN ONLINE

Aji Titin Roswitha, Eli Tri Kursiswanti, Muhammad Japri, Agata Kristian — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Easy credit loans online are becoming popular, but many cases have also arisen because of this. People are currently liking easy online credit loans because the process is easy and very helpful when you are in dire need and there are no funds yet. Online loans, which are usually driven by fintech companies, are also often used as loans for shopping for consumer goods in the community. Unfortunately, there are many cases of online loans that harm users. People no longer need to go to the bank to apply directly to get a loan, the process of borrowing money can simply be accessed via a smartphone, such as the Apple Store (IOS) or Google Play Store (Android) or a laptop connected to the internet. In this article the author uses a juridical approach normative, because of its approach, this model of legal research is called normative legal research. By using Primary Legal materials, the legal basis for Online Loans is regulated in Financial Services Authority Regulation Number 77/POJK.01/2016 concerning Information Technology-Based Money Lending and Borrowing Services.

GRASI DALAM KASUS NARKOTIKA DI ANTARA KEBIJAKAN KEADILAN DAN UPAYA PENEGAKAN HUKUM

Irlan Puluhulawa — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

This research examines the process of giving mercy to drug prisoners and if it supports criminal law's drug crime prevention goals. Drug offences in Indonesia are regarded extreme crimes that destroy social order and affect the younger generation, hence they are generally sentenced to death or life in prison. The President's power under Article 14 paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution and Law No. 22 of 2002 respecting Clemency allows offenders to request clemency. Granted pardon to drug offenders creates a conflict between severe law enforcement to prevent and rehabilitation and social reintegration. This research employs normative, statutory, and juridical-analytical methods. The 1945 Constitution, Law No. 22 of 2002 on Clemency, and Law No. 35 of 2009 on Narcotics, as well as court rulings on drug clemency, are examined in this paper. To understand how mercy is applied to drug offences, retributive, utilitarian, and rehabilitative philosophies of punishment were examined. This research found that although clemency may help rehabilitate offenders, it might also impair drug crime deterrence. To prevent reoffending, drug clemency must be backed by a thorough rehabilitation program and based on tougher and more open standards. Thus, clemency policy change is required to reconcile justice, prevention, and rehabilitation in Indonesian criminal law.

PEMBERIAN SANKSI TERHADAP ANGGOTA KEPOLISIAN INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF KEPASTIAN HUKUM

Rony Makasuci, Ardiansah, Yelia Nathassa Winstar — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Indonesia telah mengembangkan dan memperbarui berbagai regulasi untuk menjaga integritas dan etika dalam kepolisian. Dua regulasi penting dalam konteks ini adalah Peraturan Kapolri (PERKAP) No. 14 Tahun 2011 tentang Kode Etik Profesi Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia dan Peraturan Kepolisian (Perpol) No. 7 Tahun 2022 tentang Kode Etik Profesi dan Komisi Kode Etik Kepolisian Negara Republik Indonesia. Kedua regulasi ini memiliki tujuan yang sama yaitu untuk mengatur dan menegakkan kode etik dalam tubuh Kepolisian Republik Indonesia (Polri), namun terdapat beberapa perbedaan signifikan dalam isi dan implementasinya. Adapun tujuan yang hendak dicapai dalam penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut :Untuk Menganalisis inkonsistensi pemberian sanksi terhadap anggota Kepolisian berdampak bagi seluruh anggota Kepolisian Indonesia, Untuk Menganalisis idealnya pemberian sanksi terhadap anggota Kepolisian dalam perspektif kepastian hukum. Metode yang dipergunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa Inkonsistensi Pemberian Sanksi Terhadap Anggota Kepolisian Berdampak Bagi Seluruh Anggota Kepolisian Indonesia dapat membawa dampak yang luas dan negatif bagi institusi kepolisian Indonesia. Untuk menjaga kepercayaan publik, moral anggota, dan integritas institusi, diperlukan upaya yang serius untuk memastikan bahwa setiap pelanggaran ditangani dengan adil dan konsisten. Dengan demikian, kepolisian dapat menjalankan tugasnya dengan lebih efektif dan mendapatkan dukungan penuh dari masyarakat. Idealnya Pemberian Sanksi Terhadap Anggota Kepolisian Dalam Perspektif Kepastian Hukum bahwa Idealnya, harus mencakup prinsip-prinsip kepastian hukum, prosedur yang jelas dan transparan, proporsionalitas sanksi, kesetaraan di hadapan hukum, dan akuntabilitas. Dengan menerapkan prinsip-prinsip ini, institusi kepolisian dapat meningkatkan disiplin internal, menjaga kepercayaan publik, dan memastikan bahwa hak-hak semua pihak dihormati. Penerapan sanksi yang adil dan konsisten tidak hanya memperkuat integritas institusi kepolisian tetapi juga mendukung upaya penegakan hukum yang lebih efektif di masyarakat.

PEMBERIAN GANTI KERUGIAN ATAS PEMBEBASAN TANAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN UMUM DI INDONESIA DALAM PERSPEKTIF KEADILAN

Annisa Berliani, Sudi Fahmi, Ardiansah — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Pemberian ganti kerugian atas pembebasan tanah untuk kepentingan umum di Indonesia merupakan topik yang kompleks dan melibatkan berbagai aspek hukum. Pembebasan tanah untuk kepentingan umum diatur dalam Undang-Undang No. 2 Tahun 2012 tentang Pengadaan Tanah bagi Pembangunan untuk Kepentingan Umum dan peraturan turunannya. UU ini menetapkan prosedur, mekanisme, dan ketentuan terkait kompensasi yang adil bagi pemilik tanah. Sering terjadi perbedaan antara penilaian pemerintah dan ekspektasi masyarakat. Ini bisa menimbulkan ketidakpuasan dan sengketa hukum. Proses administrasi yang panjang dan birokrasi yang rumit sering mengakibatkan keterlambatan dalam pembayaran kompensasi. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis Pemberian Ganti Kerugian Atas Pembebasan Tanah Untuk Kepentingan Umum Di Indonesia, untuk menganalisis Pemberian Ganti Kerugian Atas Pembebasan Tanah Untuk Kepentingan Umum Di Indonesia Dinilai Layak Dalam Perspektif Keadilan. Metode yang dipergunakan adalah penelitian hukum sosiologis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa Pemberian Ganti Kerugian Yang Layak Atas Pembebasan Tanah Untuk Kepentingan Umum Dalam Perspektif Keadilan bahwa dalam Pemberian ganti kerugian yang layak atas pembebasan tanah untuk kepentingan umum merupakan aspek penting dalam mewujudkan keadilan bagi pemilik tanah yang terkena dampak. Dari perspektif keadilan, proses ini harus memenuhi prinsip-prinsip keadilan distributif, komutatif, prosedural, dan substantif. Ganti kerugian yang layak tidak hanya memastikan bahwa pemilik tanah menerima kompensasi yang sesuai dengan nilai ekonomis dan emosional dari tanah, tetapi juga melindungi hak milik individu dan mengurangi potensi sengketa. Dampak hukum dari pemberian ganti kerugian yang layak mencakup kepastian hukum, perlindungan hak milik, minimasi sengketa, dukungan terhadap pembangunan berkelanjutan, dan peningkatan legitimasi pemerintah. Dengan demikian, implementasi yang adil dan transparan dalam pemberian ganti kerugian mendukung terciptanya pembangunan yang inklusif, adil, dan berkelanjutan.

PENERAPAN SANKSI PIDANA TERHADAP PELAKU PENYELUNDUPAN ORANG DI INDONESIA

Samson Hasonangan Sitorus, Indra Afrita, Yelia Nathassa Winstar — Tue, 16 Jul 2024 22:40:36 +0700

Penggunaan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2017 Tentang Pelindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia dan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 21 Tahun 2007 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang lebih sering dalam putusan-putusan ini menunjukkan bahwa pengadilan menganggap pelanggaran terkait penempatan pekerja migran sebagai isu yang memerlukan perlindungan khusus dan penindakan yang tegas. Hal ini juga mencerminkan komitmen untuk melindungi pekerja migran dari praktik eksploitasi dan perdagangan orang, serta memberikan hukuman yang lebih berat kepada para pelaku untuk menimbulkan efek jera. Amar putusan dalam kasus-kasus yang disebutkan di atas mencerminkan preferensi yuridis untuk menggunakan Undang-Undang yang lebih spesifik dalam melindungi pekerja migran dan menangani tindak pidana perdagangan orang. Pengadilan cenderung mengadili dan memutus kasus-kasus ini berdasarkan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2017 Tentang Pelindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia dan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 21 Tahun 2007 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orangkarena cakupan dan sanksi yang lebih relevan dan tegas dibandingkan dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2011 Tentang Keimigrasian. Hal ini menegaskan pentingnya perlindungan pekerja migran dan penegakan hukum yang ketat terhadap pelanggaran yang mengancam kesejahteraan. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah Untuk Menganalisis Penerapan Sanksi Pidana Terhadap Pelaku Penyelundupan Orang Di Indonesia, Untuk Menganalisis Akibat Hukum Dari Penerapan Sanksi Pidana Terhadap Pelaku Penyelundupan Orang Di Indonesia. Metode yang dipergunakan adalah penelitian hukum sosiologis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa Penerapan Sanksi Pidana Terhadap Pelaku Penyelundupan Orang Di Indonesia bahwa menunjukkan komitmen negara dalam melindungi korban dan memberantas kejahatan perdagangan orang. Undang-undang yang ada memberikan landasan hukum yang kuat untuk menindak pelaku secara tegas, namun dalam penerapan putusan hakim berdasarkan putusan diatas adalah hakim dan jaksa memberikan sanksi yang lebih rendah yaitu Pasal 81, 82, 83 dan 86 Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2017 Tentang Pelindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia serta Pasal 2, 3, 4, 10 Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 21 Tahun 2007 Tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang. Namun seharusnya untuk sanksi yang lebih berat dan memberikan efek jera diatur dalam Pasal 120 Undang-Undang Nomor 6 Tahun 2011 Tentang Keimigrasian. Tindak pidana penyelundupan orang termasuk dalam kategori serius yang mengancam keamanan dan hak asasi manusia. Akibat Hukum Dari Penerapan Sanksi Pidana Terhadap Pelaku Penyelundupan Orang Di Indonesia bahwa mencakup hukuman berat berupa pidana penjara dan denda yang sesuai dengan tingkat kejahatan yang dilakukan. Selain itu, pelaku juga dapat dijatuhi sanksi tambahan seperti konfiskasi aset yang diperoleh dari kegiatan ilegal tersebut. Pidana yang dijatuhkan bertujuan untuk memberikan efek jera kepada pelaku dan masyarakat luas. Ini sebagai upaya untuk mencegah terulangnya tindak pidana serupa serta sebagai peringatan bagi orang-orang yang terlibat dalam kegiatan ilegal. Penanganan tindak pidana perdagangan orang juga melibatkan aspek perlindungan terhadap korban. Dengan demikian, penerapan sanksi pidana terhadap pelaku penyelundupan orang di Indonesia tidak hanya berdampak pada pelaku secara individu tetapi juga mencerminkan upaya negara dalam memperkuat perlindungan hukum terhadap hak-hak asasi manusia dan keamanan nasional

POLITIK HUKUM PIDANA PERSETUBUHAN ANAK DI BAWAH UMUR MENGGUNAKAN RESTORATIVE JUSTICE YANG DI LAKUKAN OLEH HAKIM SEBAGAI PEMBAHARUAN HUKUM PIDANA DALAM RANGKA MEWUJUDKAN TUJUAN HUKUM

NERO MIKA HASAKI, TATOK SUDJIARTO, HENDRI JAYADI PANDIANGAN — Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Criminal Law Policy can also be called a Criminal Law policy or can also be called Penal Policy or Criminal Law reform. In implementing a Criminal Law Policy, it means an effort to realize criminal legislation that is in accordance with the circumstances and situations at a certain time and for the future. One of the implementations of a legal policy, especially what the author wants to discuss, namely Criminal Law Policy in the implementation of laws and regulations, is in the context of Restorative Justice arrangements, which is a settlement of cases or Criminal Law problems outside the Criminal Justice System. Settlement of Criminal cases outside the court using modern dispute resolution or problem resolution methods greatly changes criminal law reform, but a settlement of cases or Criminal Law problems involving Legal Subjects in the form of victims, perpetrators, families of victims and perpetrators, as well as the community and parties interested in a Criminal act or problem that occurs to reach an agreement and settlement between each party who has a problem or case. With the settlement of criminal cases using out-of-court dispute resolution using Restorative Justice, it is a new model of dispute resolution that has an impact on criminal law renewal and realizes the objectives of the law itself. The research method used by the author in writing this thesis is the normative legal research method, namely legal research carried out by examining library materials or secondary data only. This research is also called library material research. The concept of Restorative Justice has been applied in Decision No. 27 / Pid.Sus / 2022 / PN. Jkt.Pst,. and has fulfilled the sense of justice for the Defendant and for the victim, because the Defendant is ready to marry witness Thalia Bunga Chalista when he finishes college and until now between the Defendant and witness Thalia Bunga Chalista in this case have not been harmed even until now the Defendant and Witness Thalia Bunga Chalista still have good communication.